Submissions
Nadika N

Nadika N

@nadikanadja

  • Joined Sep 2018

Writer, researcher, geek in training.

Information Technology - Guidelines For Intermediaries and Digital Media Ethics Code - Rules, 2021

IT Rules 2021 Intermediary Guidelines: Concerns and recommendations from the community

Introduction The INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (GUIDELINES FOR INTERMEDIARIES AND DIGITAL MEDIA ETHICS CODE) RULES, 2021 notified by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MEITY), together with the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (MIB), Government of India has a significant impact on what was perceived as the ‘safe harbour’ for organizations providing communications and informa… more
  • 1 comment
  • Submitted
  • 25 May 2021
IT Rules 2021 Report: Annexure

Data Privacy Conference

Summary of session: Birds of Feather (BOF) discussion on investors' views of privacy and security; proactive measures and compliance for existing and future investees

Date of event: April 24, 2021 Moderators: Subhashish Bhadra (ONI), Anand V (Hasgeek) Discussants: Sharda Balaji (Novo Juris), Samuel Mani (Mani Chengappa Mathur), KK Mookhey (NII Consulting), Kailash Nadh (Zerodha) more
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  • Submitted
  • 18 Oct 2021

India's Non-Personal Data (NPD) framework

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Summary of Panel Discussion: Persisting Privacy concerns in NPD, anonymization and encryption.

Moderator: Malavika Raghavan Panellists: Srujana Merugu, ML Researcher at Google Research and Wadhwani AI more
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  • Submitted
  • 30 Jan 2021

India's Non-Personal Data (NPD) framework

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Summary of Panel Discussion: Debt, NPD & Payment Systems (Cashless Consumer)

Moderator: Malavika Raghavan Presenter: Srikanth Lakshmanan (Cashless Consumer) more
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  • Submitted
  • 30 Jan 2021

India's Non-Personal Data (NPD) framework

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Summary of Panel Discussion: Personal and Non Personal Data regulations worldwide and how NPD is positioned against it

Moderator: Jyoti Panday, Researcher, Internet Governance Project more
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  • Submitted
  • 28 Jan 2021

India's Non-Personal Data (NPD) framework

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Summary of Panel Discussion: Will NPD regulation help India to shape and benefit from global data rules

Moderator: Udbhav Tiwari Panelists: Arindrajit Basu, Centre for Internet and Society more
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  • Submitted
  • 26 Jan 2021

India's Non-Personal Data (NPD) framework

Summary of Session: Eminent Domain, Non Personal Data and Rationale for regulation

Moderator: Ambika Joshi Speakers: Dr Usha Ramanathan, Lawyer, Human Rights Activist more
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  • Submitted
  • 20 Feb 2021

Privacy practices in the Indian technology ecosystem

The implications of caste and gender on privacy

In a paper for the Network and Info-Tech Research and Development programme of the US Govt, authors Baskerville, Alashoor and Zhu, say1 “In the language of privacy discourse, the notion of identity becomes highly pertinent, merely due to the associated threat of privacy invasion to identity reconstruction.” more
  • 1 comment
  • Submitted
  • 06 Apr 2021

Privacy practices in the Indian technology ecosystem

Confidentiality statement and informed consent form

This form was shared with participants in interviews and focus group discussions, and is reproduced here for reference. more
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  • Submitted
  • 28 Apr 2021

Privacy practices in the Indian technology ecosystem

Defining privacy

In an essay titled ‘Right To Privacy’ in the Harvard Law Review in 1890, Samuel Warren and Louis Brandeis1 said, more
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  • Submitted
  • 06 Apr 2021

Privacy practices in the Indian technology ecosystem

Framing and review

Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to conduct this research. more
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  • Submitted
  • 09 Apr 2021

Privacy practices in the Indian technology ecosystem

Respondent organizations and designations

182 respondents completed the survey. They were asked for their organization and designation as optional plain text fields. more
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  • Submitted
  • 18 Apr 2021

Privacy practices in the Indian technology ecosystem

Analysis of survey responses

The survey asked questions to test hypotheses. They are presented here along with a breakdown of responses by organization size and segment, and the respondent’s role therein. Questions are numbered by the order in which they appeared in the survey. more
  • 4 comments
  • Submitted
  • 25 Apr 2021

Information Technology - Guidelines For Intermediaries and Digital Media Ethics Code - Rules, 2021

Detailed findings: Ethical concerns

Broad definitions of unlawful content: The government claims the IT Rules are framed as a response to illegal or unlawful content, including hate speech, pornography and Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM), among others. Under the Rules, unlawful content will also include content that is deemed against national interest or national security, including those that tarnish the image of the nation. more
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  • Submitted
  • 19 Sep 2021

Information Technology - Guidelines For Intermediaries and Digital Media Ethics Code - Rules, 2021

Detailed findings: Legal concerns

IT Rules are Ultra Vires of IT Act 2000 The IT Rules are notified under the IT Act1, 2000, which provides ‘Safe Harbour’ status to digital intermediaries. That is, the intermediary will not be held liable for content that is merely hosted by, or transmitted by them, provided they are not the creators or owners of the content. By nature, subordinate legislation, such as the IT Rules 2021, cannot r… more
  • 4 comments
  • Submitted
  • 22 Sep 2021

Information Technology - Guidelines For Intermediaries and Digital Media Ethics Code - Rules, 2021

Detailed findings: Overall awareness

The IT Rules, Intermediary Guidelines 2021, have a far-ranging impact on social media apps, digital news and content, and cloud hosting providers in the country. The Rules could potentially affect a far wider section of the startup and SME sector in India given that many of these organizations produce content in one form or another which can be regulated. While the legality and ethicality of the … more
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  • Submitted
  • 22 Sep 2021

Information Technology - Guidelines For Intermediaries and Digital Media Ethics Code - Rules, 2021

Research methods, design, sampling and execution

This is a mixed-method research study, comprising both qualitative and quantitative methods. more
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  • Submitted
  • 22 Sep 2021

Information Technology - Guidelines For Intermediaries and Digital Media Ethics Code - Rules, 2021

Conclusion and Recommendations

In the final analysis, the IT Rules are seen as having a deep, detrimental impact on the social media and digital news sectors, and result in increased work loads for employees, increased cost of operations and compliance for organizations. Along with existing concerns over the potential impact of the Personal Data Protection Bill (PDP) that is currently under advisement by a parliamentary body a… more
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  • 30 Sep 2021

Information Technology - Guidelines For Intermediaries and Digital Media Ethics Code - Rules, 2021

Detailed findings: Implementation concerns

What we observe in this section can be seen as the continuation of the previous section with issues arising from the lack of ethical considerations playing out in terms of implementation. Vague definitions of organizations, and the broad scope that has been created for the Rules, organizations must now undertake more tasks and activities to comply, irrespective of size or resources. Some of the l… more
  • 1 comment
  • Submitted
  • 21 Sep 2021

Privacy practices in the Indian technology ecosystem

Future areas of research and action

This research examines how organizations segmented across sizes and domains will be able to respond to the upcoming Personal Data Protection Act. However, it does not address the other side of the relationship – the users of the products and services of these organizations – and their perception of these organizations. more
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  • Submitted
  • 09 Apr 2021

Information Technology - Guidelines For Intermediaries and Digital Media Ethics Code - Rules, 2021

Respondents profile

Qualitative research was conducted with 33 respondents. These included representatives from SSMI organizations, digital news publications and cloud service providers. One FGD was conducted with independent software developers who are vocal about privacy, digital rights, data security and responsibility in technology on social media and community forums. We classified this set of respondents as “p… more
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  • Submitted
  • 18 Sep 2021

Information Technology - Guidelines For Intermediaries and Digital Media Ethics Code - Rules, 2021

Impact of IT Rules on tech workers’ ecosystem - professional concerns

Introduction As discussed in the chapter on respondent profiles, a quantitative survey was conducted with tech workers to assess awareness, understanding and impact of the IT Rules. more
  • 2 comments
  • Submitted
  • 19 Sep 2021

Information Technology - Guidelines For Intermediaries and Digital Media Ethics Code - Rules, 2021

Impact of IT Rules on tech workers’ ecosystem - personal concerns; impact on participation and advocacy

This chapter is divided into two sections: Impact of IT Rules on personal lives, mainly freedom of speech and expression, and privacy. more
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  • Submitted
  • 02 Oct 2021

Privacy Best Practices Guide

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Best Practices Guide: User Data Anonymization and Deletion at LinkedIn

Name of Organization: LinkedIn Domain: Social/Networking/Platform more
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  • Submitted
  • 18 Jan 2022